Expanded metal structure.



. R WHR" EKPANDBD METAL STRUSTU13-JSi Uyl/ 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

APPLIUATON FILED JULY 27.' 1905.

l l/m5,

, ATENTED FEB. l2,

P. WHITE.

EXPANDBD META L STRUTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY27. 1906;

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

intrii finir ein d PATENT r. rr nrs, or osLni/VnLn--NEW JERSEY,Assienoii To THE rrsnrseernie ooMPANY, or YoUNGsroWN, orne, A oon- (Pini'Iifl'y (.'IC'Y7.' oivn thi t i, ALEXANDER l). WHiTE, l t I ted States,end s resident Certain nev end useful s, oi which the oliowingis aspeeifieexn.

his invention reletes to expended metel strnetnres, more particularly tofreniioreing Specification of Letters Eatent.

es. county, State of New. Jer-f xpsnded Metal Struik members suitablefor embodiment in confV nsvingthe gener-el inode of operation subelyhereinafter fully described end eli.- .ned in this speeiiiostion `(indshown in the Figure 'l is e top plsn View oi e blsnlw Fig. is sideeleve-tion of the blank expended. Fir* 3 is e side elevation of esimilar expendstruct re. netlier blank.

a. Fig. 5 is e side elevation of Further objects of the inventionWillhere# Fig. e is e top plan View ofv the blenk expanded. Fig. G is eside elevsn of :i similar Construction. Fig. 7 is e elevation of ainodilied .tor-n1 of rein forcing nieniber. Fig. 8 is n side elevationillnstramtin,l the reinforcing member in use. Figs. 9, l0, il, and l2are detail trz'tnsyerse seetional Views oi' blanks.

Referring to the drewings, in Fig. `l s. flank is shown from Iwhich thereinforcing Qieniber or expended metal structure is nede Y. lt isobvious that the blenk itself either be e ilat sheet of metal, hewn J.or it muy be provided ivi th its or olsny desired Cross-section, esshown larp. il. Figs. i() and l? show ribs B t- C modifiedconstructions. bers D are round in Cross-sec tion and oon- .oeeted byYthe web, portion lil, which is suit ably sliited et F and G toI forniconnecting n'zegnbers ll, These cnneoting members H sreeonneeted it eachend to the blank, so that the ribs-D iney be seperated, es shown in E.2, to 'Sernin' reinforcing member.

In Fig. l the ribs Patented Feb. 12, 1907.

vPreferably the slitsF end are provided' in theblank extending in eachdirection from vthe center, "so that n double-ineniberis Aformed, nsshown in F ig. 2,when the rods or ribs D ere separated; but thereinforcing ynieinber as s Whole'ny'be single instesd of double-thatis,` one-half of the structure shown in ig. 2, for instance, may beused. Preferably, also, the ties H are eut so that they become longerproceeding from the oenter outwardly. Therefore the top'inernbers 'v-Dare not parallel to the lower member D, 'but in this instance slanttoward theleenter -eitlier in e straight or lcurved line. If desired,the inner ends l of the tgp members D may be connected by e suitablesleeve J; held in position in' any desired manner.

in Fig. 3 s structure is shown in Whiob the upper 'members K and lowermember 1J are `*not thickened; but the'struetureis cons trueted from ssheet of .metal of 'the seine thiol@ ness throughout. It desired, theinner ends K. of the members .K mayv be ooneoted by overlapping platesO. 4

In Fig. 5 s truss-like structure is constructed out of s blsnkwhieh isout as shown in 'Fig 4. The blank eoinprises the web por# tionsP,'eoinieeted bythe ribs or rods Q.. Y The slits R and S are so eut thatties or con# nesting inenlbers T ere formed, which oonneot the rods Qand preferably increase in length from the center outwardly from eachside of the center, so that a truss-like member is formed, es shown inFig.` 5, when the bars are sepa-rated. If desired, the truss-likestructure insyfbe formed from e. bla-nk of the seine 'thicknessthroughout, as shown in Fig. 6. In both Figs. 5 and 6 the upper membersQ are eut so that the cross-sectional eres increases from the center inthe direction of thei ends. The lower members diminish in cross-sectionas the ends are approached. This disposal of the metal is very desirableto provide for the stresses when the metallic. structure is used toreinforce eonerete,

In Fig. 7 the slits in, the blank are so out that the ties or connectorsU are staggered when the side or bottom members V ot the blank are movedendwise to open out the structure. 'My invention Irelates to-thst-'eless of eX-' pended inetel str'netnres in .which the experi sionresulting fiore the openingl out of .e

IOO

known that the stresses `With ribs or slats which lorm the lattice por-ytions or a. truss.

I do not claim to be the original inventor of expanded metal trusses,there being a full disclosure of lthe basic idea of the expandedthcpatents to C. B. lVhite,

metal truss in L Nos. .689,938 and 670,827. My present 1nvention,however, relates to certain improve ments and modifications cn saidpatents, which modifications are of great importance inthe practice ol'the art for which these'expanded truss-like structures are aifailable,

particularly the reinforcement of concrete bodies designed to carryheavy loads and resist. certain stresses, For instance, it is Well in aconcrete beam or slab 'follow certain Well-defined lines, and the objectot my these stresses with a .proper disposition of the metal Wlienembodiedin the concrete construction. In a beam or girder, for example,the tensional stress at the ends Will bc near the top; but it Willdescend as it approaches the middle of the beam, from which point itwill ascend to the opposite end. Hence my aim is to provide a metallicstructure ot ascending and descending ineinbers of a trusslike'fo'rm toaccommodate the lines ot tension when the metal is embedded in concrete,one important feature being the fact that myeinve-ntion permits thesecoperating truss-like unitsoppositely .arranged to be made out of asingle integral piece of 'metaL Furthermore, any desired number of theunits shown may be unit-ed in ie structure. 'In `such cases Where theuse of structures containing these truss-like units is desirable thegreatest tensional strain will be in the lower part of the centerot thebeam. Therefore more metal is required immediw ately at the center, andthis requirement can be readily met by leaving` uncut and undisturbedthe metal in the central portion of the blank. Frovision can be alsoina-dc for the.

. variation in the stresses from the center to- Ward the ends. Forexample, it 'it isI desirable to increase the metal in thc top memberfrom the center toward the ends this result can be readily accomplishedas shown in Fig. 4, representing the blank, and by Fig. 6, representingone of the forms of the finished product, this distribution ci the metalbeing effected by suitable arrangement of the cuts in the blank. In likemanner the size ofthe slats which provide for certain stresses is alsoregulated.

For the'pnrposeof simplicity and clearinvention is to provide for.

ness in distinguishing the different parts oi these structures in theclaims I prefer to call the longitudinal parts fmembers, members being,for instance, the parts represented in Fig. 2 by the letters VD and D.

The shorter parts which connect or tie these' designate as slats77 ormembers together I by the letter H in tie pieces, as shown Fig. 3x nWhile these expanded metal truss-like structures may be used formasonry, as described, the invention is not limited to snch these use,as they may be 'found very desirable for many other purposes. y

I claim, anddesire to obtain by Letters Patent, the followingz' 1. Anexpanded metal construction comprising outer members extending at anangle to each other connected by a plurality of tiepieces, the entirestructure made of a single piece of metal. x

' 2. An expanded metal construction comprising outer members extendingat an anglev-v to each other connected by a plnrality of tie l i pieceswhich progressively increase in length,n theentire structure made of asingle piece of metal.

3. An expanded metal construction comprising outer members extending atan angle to each other, and tie-pieces integrally connected to eachmember, the entire str-dettare made of? a single piece of metal.

Il. An expanded metal construction comprising opter members extending atan angle to each other, and tie-pieces integrally con-- nccted to saidmembers and extending substantially parallel to cach other between saidnicinlxas, the entire struct-arc made of a single piece of metal;

5. fin expanded metal construction comprising a longitudinal member inone plane, a plurality ot longitudinal members in other plane, botharranged at an angle to said 'lirst member, and tie-pieces connectingsaid first member With the other members, the entire structure made of aSingle piece of metal.A

(i prising a longitudinal member or base, a plu rality of membersarranged at an angle to the base and extending downwardly and in-.l

An expanded metal construction com-` IOC Hmade of a singlepece of metalplane from the base and arranged end to end, and inclined in oppositedirections'l'rom the center and sets of tie-pieces connecting the. .basewith said members, the entire structure 9.' An (.rxpended metalconstrncti'oncomprising longtudinal memberor base, longitudinal membersin a different plane from the base and arranged end to end, andinclined. in opposite directions from the center and sets of divergingtie-pieces connecting the base with said members, the entire structuremade of a single piece of metal.

10. An expanded metal construction comprising a longitudinally-extendingmember or base..longtudinal members in a different plane from the baseincreasing in cross-sectional area from the center outwardly, and selsof tie-pieces connecting the base with said members.

l l. An rxpanded metal construction comprising aloiigitudinally-extending member or base decreasing in cross-sectionalarea in each direction from the center outwardly, longitudinal membersin a difl'erent plane from the -base increasing in cross-'sectional areafrom the center outwardly, and sets of tie-pieces connecting the basewith said members;`

12. An expanded metal construction ccmprising a longitudinally-extendingmenlber or base, longitudinal members, nach extending at an angle tosaid base, and sets or' tiepieces Aconnecting the base with saidmembers, all of said parts being integral.

13. An expanded metal structure consisting el a main base member and asecond member in another plane, the said second member being inclined inopposite directions from the center, so that the distance between thesecond member and the base member increases from the center toward theends, the two members being tied together with slatsI i the wholestructure being integral. l

14. An expanded metal structure, consisting of a main longitudinalstraightmember, and an inclined second member in a' different plane,both members being connected tcgether with slats or ribs, the Wholestructure being integral. v

15. An expanded metal structure, consisting of two main members indifferent planes connected With slats, the main members diverging sothat the distance between them is greater at one end than at the otherend, the Whole structure being' integral.

16. Anexpanded metal structure, consist- 'mg of a main longitudinalmember, two

members in another plane, said tivo members being oppositely inclined sothat the distance between them and the main longitudinal memberincreases as theouter ends are approached, the inclined members beingtied t'o the main member with slats, the Whole structure being integral.

17. An expanded metal structure, consisting of a main men'iber'servingas a base havlng a portion in the center uncut, and two membersoppositely inclined from the cen-- tral uncut portion, so that thedistance between them and said main base member increases towardtheouter ends, the said two members being connected With the main baseinen'iber by slats, the Whole structure being integral. i

15. An expanded metal structure, consisting oi a plurality ofmainmembers in one plane connected with a main member inlanother plane, thesaid members being connected with slats which increase in lengthprogressively from one end to the other end, the Whole structure beingintegral.

`In testimony whereof I have signed this specilication inthe presence oftwo subscribing Wi tnesses.

ALEXANDER P. WHITE.

Witnesses:

OLIN A. Fosrnn, Lne J. MATTY.

